US election 2020: The young people struggling in the 2020 economy
The pandemic has had a disproportionate economic impact on young people. And in the US, where the crisis is colliding with a bitter presidential election, the strains are expected to leave a mark on their politics, further widening the gap with older, more conservative generations.
In January, Joshua Boyer was on the cusp of living his version of the American Dream. The 30-year-old was planning to launch a career in social work, start a family with his fiancée in a few years, and eventually buy a house.
The pandemic, he says, "changed everything".
Five months after graduating with his master's degree, he remains without a job, despite applying to some 300 openings - including positions at warehouses, restaurants and grocery stores. This month, as the financial assistance he was getting as a military veteran expired, he moved in with his fiancée's family in Oregon, giving up his Portland-area apartment.
It all feels eerily familiar to Joshua, who graduated from high school in 2008, when the world was in the midst of the global financial crisis. At the time, he entered the military to escape the desolate prospects facing him in the labour market, which he saw stalling the lives of many of his peers.
"Having gone through both of these recessions, it feels like more of the same," he says. "Everyone is going to understand this giant gap in my employment history right now, but that's still my biggest fear... are we going to be another lost generation?"
Scars from the Great Recession
Joshua's concerns are widely shared.
In the US, adults aged 16-29 accounted for a third of the rise in the unemployment rate between February and April, despite representing less than a quarter of the workforce.
As of June, some 28% of 16-24-year-olds were neither working nor in school, more than double pre-pandemic levels, while by July, a majority of 18-29-year-olds were living with their parents for the first time since the Great Depression.
Such setbacks, early on in a career, can have long-term consequences, with research finding that entering the workforce in a weak economy acts as a drag on wage growth and career prospects for years.
And many young adults in their 30s are still grappling with the aftershocks from the 2007 financial crisis, which ushered in a decade of stagnant wage growth, despite sharply rising housing and health costs.
By 2016, the typical 32-year-old had 34% less wealth than a 32-year old from prior generations - a gap that had widened since 2010, America's central bank reported in 2018 .
"The economic prospects are fundamentally different" for younger generations, says University of Delaware political science professor Vladimir Medenica, a research consultant with the University of Chicago's GenForward Survey Project, which routinely polls young adults about finances and politics. "There's really no comparison."
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